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Medicinal Plants No 49

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Areca catechu Linn. Arecaceae : (पूग-कुलम्) Eng : Arecanut tree, Betelnut tree Hin : Supari (9) Kan : Adike (eas) Mal : Kavunnų, Kamunnü, Kamukų, Ațaykkämaram (കവുങ്ങ്, കമുങ്ങ്, കമുക്, അടയ്ക്കാമരം) San : Pūgah (9) Tam : Pakkumaram (USGLDTI) Tel : Vakka, Põka (352-365) Distribution : Cultivated throughout India The plant : A tall slender unbranched palm with a crown of leaves, stem annulate; leaves pinnate with a conspicuous sheath; flowers in spadix, male many at the upper portion, female much larger and few at the base; fruits 3.8 - 5 cm long, smooth, orange or scarlet when ripe. Parts used: roots, leaves, fruits Properties and uses : A decoction of the root is a reputed cure for sore lips. The juice of tender leaves is mixed with oil and is used as an embrocation in cases of lumbago. The nuts are used either raw or cured. They are cooling, astringent, diuretic, digestive, anthelmintic, aphrodisiac, ſervine tonic and emmenagogue. They are useful in urinary disorders, anore
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Medicinal Plants No 48

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Arachis hypogaea Linn Fabaceae : (अपराजिता-कुलम्) Eng : Groundnut, Peanut, Monkeynut Hin : Mùng-phali (Hi-het) Kan : Nīlakadali (Dre Foo) Mal : Nilakkațala (meconse) San : Bhūcaņakaḥ, Mandapi (qua;, Hu54) Tam : Vērkkațalal (CUSAL_00) Tei : Vēruśenagalu (oužstev) Distribution : Throughout India, cultivated The Plant: A branched hairy annual herb with erect branches trailing on the ground; leaves compound, pulvinate, 8–12 cm long, leaflets oblong to obovate, entire; flowers yellow, axillary, fascicled; fruits pods, ripening underground, leathery, containing 1-3 seeds; each seed with a thin brown seed-coat and two fleshy white cotyledons rich in oil and proteins. Parts used : seeds, oil Properties and uses : The seeds are sweet, oleagenous, aphrodisiac, galactagogue, constipating and tonic and are useful in agalactia, diarrhoea and general debility. The oil is sweet, purgative and emollient, and is used in nephropathy and dislocated joints. "द्वित्रिबीजो भूचणकः स्नेहाढ्यो
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Medicinal Plants No 47

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Aquilaria agallocha Roxb. Thymeleaceae (अगुरु-कुलम्) Eng : Aloe wood, Eagle wood Hin : Agar (377) Kan : Krisnagaru (ಕೃಷ್ಣಾಗರು) Mal : Akil, Karakil ( 108, Good108) San : Aguruh, Krsnaguruh (3745 7501? 15:) Tam: Agar, Agalicandanám, Krsnaguru (அகர், அகலிசந்தனம், கிருஷ்ணாகுரு) Tel : Krsnāgaru (saxo) Distribution: In the forests of Bhutan, Bengal, Assam and Myanmar The Plant: A large evergreen tree about 21 m in height and 1.5-2.4 m in girth with somewhat straight and fluted stem; leaves linear-lanceolate to ovate-oblong, 5-9 cm long, silky glossy and faintly parallel nerved; flowers small, greenish on very slender pilose petioles in shortly peduncled umbels, on younger branchlets, perianth about 5 mm long, slightly hairy outside, stamens alternate the perianth, filaments red at the apex, ovary tawny-tomentose; fruits slightly compressed, yellowish tomentose capsules. Commercially used fragrant-resinous agar wood is formed in the interior of the old tree. The tree contains plen
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Medicinal Plants No 46

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polystachya (Wall.) Parker (Amoora rohituka (Roxb.) Wight & Arn.) Meliaceae (निम्ब-कुलम्) ) Eng : Rohituka tree Hin : Harin-hára afa-ERT Kan : Mullumuntala (wwer duose) Mal : Cemmaram (2000.) San: Röhitakah :) Tam: Malampuluvan, Semmaram (LDOULD Y6ucir, OFLOLITUD) Tel : Sēvamănu (3505) Distribution : Throughout India, in evergreen forests The plant: A medium to large sized tree, 18–25 m in height with a cylindrical bole and a heavy crown, bark greyish brown to dark brown, rough, exfoliating in circular flakes, wood reddish brown, leaves large, imparipinnate, leaflets opposite, 9-17 in number, elliptic-oblong or oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, glabrous on both surfaces; male flowers numerous in axillary panicles, female or bisexual flowers larger than male in axillary or supra-axillary solitar spikes; fruits globular, smooth, yellow when ripe, opening by 3-valved; seeds with scarlet aril. Parts used : bark, seeds Properties and uses: The bark is acrid, astringent, bitter,
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Medicinal Plants No 45

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Anogeissus latifolia (Roxb. ex DC.) Wall. ex Guill & Perr. Combretaceae (हरीतकी-कुलम्) Eng : Axle wood Hin : Dhavā, Dhaura, Båkali (al, eitt, alhot) Kan : Dinduge (Dodurt) Mal : Vellanava, Malukkåññiram (133MOJ, 097293 Toro 10.) San : Dhavaḥ (ta:) Tam : Ve!!anagai, Vellanamai (QOUGITT 1605, DWUOITOT GOLD) Tel. : Cerimānu, Sirikarra (38555, 3850) Distribution : Throughout India,in deciduous forests The plant : A large deciduous tree upto 30 m in height with a clear bole of 15 m and with greenish or greyish white smooth bark exfoliating in irregular thin scales; leaves elliptic or suborbicular, obtuse at the apex, rounded or sometimes cordate at base, glabrous when fully grown, midrib prominent, pink, main nerves 6–10 pairs arching, prominent on the lower side, leaves turning red before falling; flowers sessile in small dense heads; fruits small, many in a globular head, yellowish brown, winged, beaked with the persistent calyx enclosing a single seed. Parts used : roots,
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Medicinal Plants No 44

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Annona squamosa Linn. Annonaceae (काष्ठदारु-कुलम्) Eng : Custard apple, Sugar apple Hin : Sitäphal (145) Kan : Sitäphala (2992DE) : Sitappalam, Attaccakka (mimog So, GO 00360) San : Sītāphalam (H1414) Tam : Sitäppa!am (GSSTÚLY) 'Tel : Sītāapandu (Bosodo) Distribution : Throughout India, cultivated The plant: A small tree about 6.0 m in height; leaves simple, alternate, bifarious, oblong-lanceolate or elliptic obtuse, glabrous above, lateral nerves 8–11 pairs ascending; Ilowers yellowish green, solitary, leaf-opposed or 2-4 on short extra axillary branchlets, sepals and petals three each; fruits yellowish green, globose with well marked areoles easily breaking into large pieces; seeds hard, brownish black, smooth. Parts used : roots, leaves, fruits, seeds Properties and uses : The roots are powerful purgative, and are useful in mental depression and spinal disorders. The leaves are suppurative and insecticidal, and are useful in destroying lice, proctoptosis in children
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Medicinal Plants No 43

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Anisomeles malabarica (Linn.) R.Br. Lamiaceae (तुळसी-कुलम्) Eng : Malabar catmint Hin : Códhără (TETT) Kan : Karitumbi (FOZJ029) Mal : Karintumpa (Dolmamu) San : Vaikunthaḥ, Mahädrónah (aqua, HEICTOT:) Tam: Pěyimarutti, Pěyåmeratti (CUILDIKL.14, Cuur OLIL_44) Tel : Mogabirāku (ZUXRO-53) Distribution : Throughout south India (Deccan plateau) The plant : An erect shrub about 1.8 m in height with obtusely tetragonous and softly white-tomentose stems and branches; leaves simple, opposite, very thick, aromatic, oblong-lanceolate, acute, pale above, white below, crenate-serrate, softly woolly; flowers purple, ir. dense whorls of more or less interrupted spikcs; fruits nutlets, ellipsoid, compressed, the inner face slightly angular, the dorsal rounded, smooth, brown. Parts used: whole plant Properties and uses : The plant is acrid, bitter, aromatic, intellect promoting, stomachic, anthelmintic, febrifuge and sudorific. It is useful in halitosis, epilepsy, hysteria, amentia, anorex
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